Aminet 6/Aminet 6 - June 1995.iso/Aminet/docs/misc/wfbook93_texi.lha/texi/232.data

Text File | 1995-03-27 | 8.7 KB | 351 lines

@node Geography (Tajikistan)
@section Geography (Tajikistan)

@display

Location:
  South Asia, between Uzbekistan and China
Map references:
  Asia, Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian States, Standard
  Time Zones of the World
Area:
 total area:
  143,100 km2
 land area:
  142,700 km2
 comparative area:
  slightly smaller than Wisconsin
Land boundaries:
  total 3,651 km, Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km,
  Uzbekistan 1,161 km
Coastline:
  0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
  none; landlocked
International disputes:
  boundary with China under dispute; territorial dispute with Kyrgyzstan on
  northern boundary in Isfara Valley area; Afghanistan's support to Islamic
  fighters in Tajikistan's civil war
Climate:
  midlatitude; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains
Terrain:
  Pamir and Altay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in
  north, Kafirnigan and Vakhsh Valleys in south or southwest
Natural resources:
  significant hydropower potential, petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal,
  lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten
Land use:
 arable land:
  6%
 permanent crops:
  0%
 meadows and pastures:
  23%
 forest and woodland:
  0%
 other:
  71%
Irrigated land:
  6,940 km2 (1990)
Environment:
  NA
Note:
  landlocked



@end display

@node People (Tajikistan)
@section People (Tajikistan)

@display

Population:
  5,836,140 (July 1993 est.)
Population growth rate:
  2.72% (1993 est.)
Birth rate:
  35.52 births/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate:
  6.87 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Net migration rate:
  -1.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
  63.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
 total population:
  68.5 years
 male:
  65.66 years
 female:
  71.48 years (1993 est.)
Total fertility rate:
  4.7 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Nationality:
 noun:
  Tajik(s)
 adjective:
  Tajik
Ethnic divisions:
  Tajik 64.9%, Uzbek 25%, Russian 3.5% (declining because of emigration),
  other 6.6%
Religions:
  Sunni Muslim 80%, Shi'a Muslim 5%
Languages:
  Tajik (official)
Literacy:
  age 9-49 can read and write (1970)
 total population:
  100%
 male:
  100%
 female:
  99%
Labor force:
  1.938 million
 by occupation:
  agriculture and forestry 43%, industry and construction 22%, other 35%
  (1990)



@end display

@node Government (Tajikistan)
@section Government (Tajikistan)

@display

Names:
 conventional long form:
  Republic of Tajikistan
 conventional short form:
  Tajikistan
 local long form:
  Respublika i Tojikiston
 local short form:
  none
 former:
  Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic
Digraph:
  TI
Type:
  republic
Capital:
  Dushanbe
Administrative divisions:
  2 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast') and one autonomous oblast*;,   Gorno-Badakhshan*;,
Khatlon, Leninabad (Khudzhand)
 note:
  the rayons around Dushanbe are under direct republic jurisdiction; an oblast
  usually has the same name as its administrative center (exceptions have the
  administrative center name following in parentheses)
Independence:
  9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)
Constitution:
  as of mid-1993, a new constitution had not been formally approved
Legal system:
  based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts
National holiday:   NA
Political parties and leaders:
  Tajik Democratic Party (TDP), Maksud IKRAMOV, Davia KOUDONAZAROV, Shodmon
  YUSUPOV; Tajik Socialist Party (TSP), Rakhman NABIYEV, Kakhkhor MAKHKAMOV;
  Islamic Revival Party (IRP), Mullah Mukhamedsharif KHIMATZODA, Daviat USMON
Other political or pressure groups:
  Tajik People's Front
Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal
Elections:
 President:
  last held 27 October 1991 (next to be held NA); results - Rakhman NABIYEV,
  Communist Party 60%; Davlat KHUDONAZAROV, Democratic Party, Islamic Rebirth
  Party and Rastokhoz Party 30%
 Supreme Soviet:
  last held 25 February 1990 (next to be held NA); results - Communist Party
  99%, other 1%; seats - (230 total) Communist Party 227, other 3
 note:
  in May 1992, the Supreme Soviet was replaced by the transitional 80-member
  Assembly (Majlis) and in November 1992 Emomili RAKHMANOV, chairman of the
  Assembly, became Chief of State
Executive branch:
  president, prime minister, cabinet
Legislative branch:
  unicameral Assembly (Majlis)
Judicial branch:
  NA



@end display

@node Government (Tajikistan 2. usage)
@section Government (Tajikistan 2. usage)

@display

Leaders:
 Chief of State:
  Acting President and Assembly Chairman Emomili RAKHMANOV (since NA November
  1992)
 Head of Government:
  Prime Minister Abdumalik ABULAJANOV (since NA November 1992); First Deputy
  Prime Minister Tukhtaboy GAFAROV (since NA November 1992)
Member of:
  CIS, CSCE, EBRD, ECO, ESCAP, NACC, UN, UNCTAD, WHO
Diplomatic representation in US:
 chief of mission:
  NA
 chancery:
  NA
 telephone:
  NA
US diplomatic representation:
 chief of mission:
  Ambassador Stanley T. ESCUDERO
 embassy:
  (temporary) #39 Ainii Street, Dushanbe
 mailing address:
  APO AE 09862
 telephone:   [7] [phone]
Flag:
  NA



@end display

@node Economy (Tajikistan)
@section Economy (Tajikistan)

@display

Overview:
  Tajikistan has had the lowest living standards of the CIS republics and now
  faces the bleakest economic prospects. Agriculture (particularly cotton and
  fruit growing) is the most important sector, accounting for 38% of
  employment (1990). Industrial production includes aluminum reduction,
  hydropower generation, machine tools, refrigerators, and freezers.
  Throughout 1992 bloody civil disturbances disrupted food imports and several
  regions became desperately short of basic needs. Hundreds of thousands of
  people were made homeless by the strife. In late 1992, one-third of industry
  was shut down and the cotton crop was only one-half of that of 1991.
National product:
  GDP $NA
National product real growth rate:
  -34% (1992 est.)
National product per capita:
  $NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  35% per month (first quarter 1993)
Unemployment rate:
  0.4% includes only officially registered unemployed; also large numbers of
  underemployed workers
Budget:
  revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Exports:
  $100 million to outside successor states of the former USSR (1992)
 commodities:
  aluminum, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles
 partners:
  Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Imports:
  $100 million from outside the successor states of the former USSR (1992)
 commodities:
  chemicals, machinery and transport equipment, textiles, foodstuffs
 partners:
  NA
External debt:
  $650 million (end of 1991 est.)
Industrial production:
  growth rate -25% (1992 est.)
Electricity:
  4,585,000 kW capacity; 16,800 million kWh produced, 2,879 kWh per capita
  (1992)
Industries:
  aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil,
  metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers
Agriculture:
  cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, pigs, sheep and goats,
  yaks
Illicit drugs:
  illicit producer of cannabis and opium; mostly for CIS consumption; limited
  government eradication programs; used as transshipment points for illicit
  drugs from Southwest Asia to Western Europe
Economic aid:
  $700 million offical and commitments by foreign donors (1992)
Currency:
  retaining Russian ruble as currency (January 1993)
Exchange rates:
  rubles per US$1 - 415 (24 December 1992) but subject to wide fluctuations



@end display

@node Economy (Tajikistan 2. usage)
@section Economy (Tajikistan 2. usage)

@display

Fiscal year:
  calendar year



@end display

@node Communications (Tajikistan)
@section Communications (Tajikistan)

@display

Railroads:
  480 km; does not include industrial lines (1990)
Highways:
  29,900 km total (1990); 21,400 km hard surfaced, 8,500 km earth
Pipelines:
  natural gas 400 km (1992)
Airports:
 total:
  58
 useable:
  30
 with permanent-surface runways:
  12
 with runways over 3,659 m:
  0
 with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
  4
 with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
  13
Telecommunications:
  poorly developed and not well maintained; many towns are not reached by the
  national network; telephone density in urban locations is about 100 per 1000
  persons; linked by cable and microwave to other CIS republics, and by leased
  connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; satellite earth
  stations - 1 orbita and 2 INTELSAT (TV receive-only; the second INTELSAT
  earth station provides TV receive-only service from Turkey)



@end display

@node Defense Forces (Tajikistan)
@section Defense Forces (Tajikistan)

@display

Branches:
  Army (being formed), National Guard, Security Forces (internal and border
  troops)
Manpower availability:
  males age 15-49 1,313,676; fit for military service 1,079,935; reach
  military age (18) annually 56,862 (1993 est.)
Defense expenditures:
  $NA, NA% of GDP



@end display